U.S. President Donald Trump said on Thursday that Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi offered to talk about easing tariffs, buying more U.S. oil, gas and combat aircraft, and potential concessions that don’t yet end a standoff on trade.
The offer emerged from the two leaders’ White House talks, just hours after Trump railed against the climate for American businesses in India and unveiled a roadmap for reciprocal tariffs on every country that puts duties on U.S. imports.
“Prime Minister Modi recently announced the reductions to India’s unfair, very strong tariffs that limit us access to the Indian market, very strongly,” Trump said. “And really it’s a big problem I must say.”
The leaders agreed to work towards a deal to resolve the trade concerns. Such a deal could be done within the next seven months, said India’s Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri after the meeting. A senior Trump administration official said a deal could be reached as soon as this year.
Some of the leaders’ agreements are aspirational: India wants to increase by “billions of dollars” its purchases of U.S. defense equipment, including fighter jets, and may make Washington the “number one supplier” of oil and gas, Trump said at a joint press conference with Modi.
And Delhi wants to double trade with Washington by 2030, Modi said. Long-planned cooperation on nuclear energy, also discussed by the leaders, faces ongoing legal challenges.
“We’re also paving the way to ultimately provide India with the F-35 stealth fighters,” said Trump.
Misri, the Indian official, later said the F-35 deal was a proposal at this point, with no formal process underway. The White House did not respond to a request for comment on any deal.
Although Trump had a warm relationship with Modi in his first term, he again on Thursday said India’s tariffs were “very high” and promised to match them, even after his earlier levies on steel and aluminum hit metal-producing India particularly hard.
“We are being reciprocal with India,” Trump said during the press conference. “Whatever India charges, we charge them.”
Modi vowed to protect India’s interests.
“One thing that I deeply appreciate, and I learn from President Trump, is that he keeps the national interest supreme,” Modi said as he sat alongside Trump in the Oval Office. “Like him, I also keep the national interest of India at the top of everything else.”
The two leaders praised each other and agreed to deepen security cooperation in the Indo Pacific, a thinly veiled reference to competition with China, as well as to start joint production on technologies like artificial intelligence.
Asked before the meeting about the steps India was taking, one source described it as a “gift” for Trump designed to lower trade tensions. A Trump aide said that the president sees defense and energy sales to India lowering the U.S. trade deficit.
It’s not clear whether the case of billionaire Gautam Adani came up in the talks after his indictment by the U.S. Justice Department in November over an alleged bribery scheme. Adani hails from Modi’s western state of Gujarat and his Adani Group runs several key infrastructure projects across the globe.
Opponents and critics often allege the meteoric rise of Adani’s ports-to-energy empire was partly due to his close relations with, and favorable treatment by, administrations run by Modi’s BJP and its allies. The duo have repeatedly denied impropriety.
On Thursday, Modi, irked by a question from a reporter on whether he discussed Adani with Trump, said countries don’t meet to discuss such topics.
WHAT TRUMP WANTS
Tariffs will continue to dominate the two countries’ relationship, said Richard Rossow, head of the India program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a think tank.
“It’s going to be a boxing match,” he said. “India is willing to take a few hits, but there’s a limit.”
The U.S. has a $45.6 billion trade deficit with India. Overall, the U.S. trade-weighted average tariff rate has been about 2.2%, according to World Trade Organization data, compared with India’s 12%.
Trump wants more help from India on unauthorized immigration. India is a major source of immigrants to the United States, including a large number in the tech industry on work visas and others in the U.S. illegally.
The United States approved the extradition of a suspect in the 2008 extremist attacks in India’s financial capital Mumbai in which over 160 were killed, Trump said.
Modi met with Elon Musk on Thursday at Blair House, where the prime minister is staying opposite the White House. Musk is a key Trump ally and his Starlink company’s bid to enter the South Asian market could come up for discussion.
India may prove critical to Trump’s strategy to thwart China, which many in his administration see as the top U.S. rival. India is wary of neighboring China’s military buildup and competes for many of the same markets.
Modi also worries that Trump could cut a deal with China that excludes India, according to Mukesh Aghi, president of the U.S.-India Strategic Partnership Forum lobbying group.
Trump said on Thursday that he hoped to be of help in resolving skirmishes on the India-China border.
India has continued its ties with Russia as it carries out its war with Ukraine. India has remained a major consumer of Russian energy, for instance, while the West has worked to cut its own consumption since the war started.
“The world had this thinking that India somehow is a neutral country in this whole process,” said Modi. “But this is not true. India has a side, and that side is of peace.”